Manu, I appreciate your willingness to sift through Klages' dense writings and offer us your insights. I explored some of my archived notes and found a short passage from the personal notes of Sophia de Vries, titled "Dr. Ludwig Klages: The Theory of Temperament. Amersfoort, 2-3 November 1935." (This is a translation of her handwritten notes in Dutch, by Cees Koen. Unfortunately, these personal notes are merely fragments of what was discussed.)

Psychology has existed since Aristotle. It has developed from scientific curiosity: Which attitude will provide us with insight in human nature? (Welche Haltung gewährleistet Menschenkenntnis?) [It is] conceived as an apparatus of thought and insight (Denk- und Erkenntnisapparat). How can man succeed in recognizing what is true and real? (Wie kommt der Mensch dazu das Wahre zu erkennen?) There are ‘units of meaning' and ‘concepts' (Bedeutungseinheiten und Begriffe). Words are ‘units of meaning,' not ‘concepts.' The use of ‘concepts' allows us to be scientific. With the notion of ‘concept,' philosophy was discovered. ‘Meanings' (Bedeutungen) are experienced (cf. Mühling-Lenz), they cannot be learned, ‘concepts' do not allow themselves to be ‘sensed.' A ‘concept' is something well-defined which cannot be replaced by anything else. ‘Units of meaning' are subject to change. Speech is changing constantly, and among illiterates the change of speech takes place much faster than among those peoples that have developed script. Among [American] Indians, for example, it may occur that grandparents are unable to understand the speech of their grandchildren in the meaning of its words. It seems deceptive that the ‘concept' would already exist if words are being spoken. Since about 150 years we know the division of thinking, willing and feeling. Feeling is a later addition. In classical [Greek and Roman] times, in scholasticism or in the Renaissance, this division was not known. The Greeks did not have a word for feeling and feelings. ‘Pathos' has a different meaning. Power of imagination: thinking. Power of desire: willing. For a long time, there existed a division in four elements. The reason for this should be sought in the fact that four was the sacred number of the Pythagoreans.

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Henry T. Stein, Ph.D,
http://www.Adlerian.us